Background

Methanol is a clear, colourless, flammable liquid with slightly alcoholic odour. Methanol can be made by reacting hydrogen with carbon monoxide or carbon dioxide. Historically, it was made from distilling wood, and has therefore also been called wood alcohol.

There are many uses for methanol including the manufacture of other chemicals and in the production of paints, solvents, varnishes, paint thinners, certain cleaning solutions such as windscreen wash and some antifreeze solutions. Methanol is also used in certain fuel blends with petrol, and may be more used more as new fuels are sought. Because it is widely used, exposure may occur in a number of situations.

Exposure may occur in the workplace although safe limits are enforced to protect the employees. Such levels are below those that are thought to cause harmful effects.

In the home, methanol may be used in antifreeze and for powering small model engines.  Methanol burns with a clear, almost invisible bluish flame. Methanol is also added in small quantities to alcohol to make methylated sprits or "meths"; this makes the alcohol unsuitable for human consumption.

Methanol is not a persistent chemical and is broken down in the environment.

Methanol is more harmful than ethanol (alcohol) and drinking it can be very dangerous. Drinking methanol may cause serious health effects including blindness and can cause death. Methanol is an irritant and splashes in the eyes may cause stinging. Children may be more sensitive to the effects of methanol due to their smaller size.

Methanol may cause harm to the unborn child if the mother is exposed to large amounts. Exposure to small amounts of methanol is unlikely to have effects on the unborn child.

Methanol or its solutions are not classified as carcinogens; methanol is not considered to be a cancer causing agent.

 

Key Points       Production and Uses

• Methanol - Production and Uses
  Added/updated: 22 October 2008