Latest additions 2009

Atkins HS, Spencer S, Brew SD, Laws TR, Thirlwall RE, MacMillan AP, Brooks TJG, Simpson AJH. Efficacy of moxifloxacin or gatifloxacin as prophylaxis against experimental murine Brucella melitensis infection. Int J Antimicro Ag 2009; 34: 471-3 

Cooke RPD, Beeching NJ. Neurobrucellosis in the UK. J Infect 2009; 58: 88-9

Hood AM. The effect of open-air factors on the virulence and viability of airborne Francisella tularensis. Epidemiol Infect 2009; 137: 753-761 [Historical Review]

Legrand J, Egan JR, Hall IM, Cauchemez S, Leach S, Ferguson NM. Estimating the location and spatial extent of a covert anthrax release. PLoS Comput Biol 2009; 5( 1): e1000356. doi:10.1371/journal.pcbi.10000356

Smither SJ, Perkins SD, Davies C, Stagg AJ, Nelson M, Atkins HS. Development and characterization of mouse models of infection with aerosolized Brucella melitensis and Brucella suis. Clin Vacc Immunol 2009; 16: 779-783

2008

Meyer N, McMenanin J, Robertson C, Donaghy M, Allardice G, Cooper D. A multi-data source surveillance system to detect a bioterrorism attack during the G8 Summit in Scotland. Epidemiol Infect 2008; 136:876-85

Sharma R, Chisnall C, Cooke RPD. Evaluation of in-house and commercial immunoassays for the sero-diagnosis of brucellosis in a non-endemic low prevalence population. J Infect 2008; 56: 108-113

2007

Anathallee M, Curphey A, Beeching N, Carley S, Crawford I, Mackway-Jones K. Emergency departments (EDs) in the United Kingdom (UK) are not prepared for emerging biological threats and bioterrorism. Journal of Infection 2007; 54; 12-7

Duc LH, Hong HA, Atkins HS, Flick-Smith HC, Durrani Z, Rijpkema S, Titball RW, Cutting SM. Immunization against anthrax using Bacillus subtilis spores expressing the anthrax protective antigen. Vaccine 2007; 25: 346-55

Griffin KF, Oyston PCF, Titball RW. Francisella tularensis vaccines. FEMS Immunol Med Microbiol 2007; 49: 315-23

Harding SV, Sarkar-Tyson M, Smither SJ, Atkins TP, Oyston PCF, Brown KA, Liu Y, Wait R, Titball RW. The identification of surface proteins of Burkholderia pseudomallei. Vaccine 2007; 25: 2664-72

Prentice MB, Rahalison L. Plague. Lancet 2007; 369: 1196-207

Said B, Mirrielees C, Walsh A, Morgan D. The survival and transmission potential of CDC Category A bioterrorism agents. (PDF, 1.3 MB)
International Meeting on Emerging Diseases and Surveillance IMED 2007

Said B, Walsh A, Morgan D. Developing and maintaining evidence-based guidelines for bioterrorism agents. (PDF, 1,010 KB)
International Meeting on Emerging Diseases and Surveillance IMED

Spencer RC. Potential bio-terror agents. J Hosp Infect 2007; 65: 19-22

Williamson ED, Stagg AJ, Eley SM, Taylor R, Green M, Jones SM, Titball RW. Kinetics of the immune response to the (F1 V) vaccine in models of bubonic and pneumonic plague. Vaccine 2007; 25: 1142-8

Wolfel R, Paweska JT, Petersen N, Grobbelaar AA, Leman PA, Hewson R, Georges-Courbot M-C, Papa A, Gunther S, Drosten C. Virus detection and monitoring of viral load in Crimean-Congo Hemorrhagic Fever virus patients. EID 2007; 13: 1097-1100

Woodrow CJ, Eziefula AC, Agranoff D, Scott GM, Watson J, Chiodini P, Lockwood DNJ, Grant AD. Early risk assessment for viral haemorrhagic fever: Experience at the hospital for tropical diseases, London, UK. J Infect 2007; 54: 6-11

2006

Allen JS, Skowera A, Rubin J, Wessely S, Peakman M. Long-lasting T cell responses to biological warfare vaccines in human vaccinees. CID 2006; 43:1-7

Atkins HS, Morton M, Griffin KF, Stokes GM, Nataro JP, Titball RW. Recombinant Salmonella vaccines for biodefence. Vaccine 2006; 24: 2710-2719

Aylwin CJ, Konig TC, Brennan NW, Shirley PJ, Davies G, Walsh MS, et al. Reduction in critical mortality in urban mass casualty incidents: analysis of triage, surge, and resource use after the London bombings on July 7, 2005. Lancet 2006; 368:2219-25

Burton JE, Oshota OJ, Silman NJ. Differential identification of Bacillus anthracis from environmental Bacillus species using microarray analysis. Journal of Applied Microbiology 2006; 101: 754-763

Cooper B. Poxy models and rash decisions. PNAS 2006; 103(33):12221-2 (commentary on Riley & Ferguson, 2006)

Curry A, Appleton H, Dowsett B. Application of transmission electron microscopy to the clinical study of viral and bacterial infections: Present and future. Micron 2006; 37: 91-106

Donaghy M. Neurologists and the threat of bioterrorism. J Neurolog Sci 2006; 249: 55-62

Duerden BI. Health protection: Microbiology and the public health response to the bioterrorism threat. Anaerobe 2006; 12: 59-62

Geddes AM. The history of smallpox. Clin Dermatol 2006; 24: 152-157

Hill J, Eyles JE, Elvin SJ, Healey GD, Lukaszewski RA, Titball RW. Administration of antibody to the lung protects mice against pneumonic plague. Infect Immun 2006; 74(5): 3068-70

Pooransingh S, Hawker J. Are we prepared for a deliberate release of a biological agent? Public Health 2006; 120: 613-617

Riley S, Feruson NM. Smallpox transmission and control: spatial dynamics in Great Britain. PNAS 2006; 103(33): 12637-42

Steward J, Piercy T, Lever MS, Simpson AJH, Brooks TJG. Treatment of murine pneumonic Francisella tularensis infection with gatifloxacin, moxifloxacin or ciprofloxacin. International Journal of Antimicrobial Agents 2006; 27, 439-443

Tang JW, Li Y, Eames I, Chan PKS, Ridgway GL. Factors involved in the aerosol transmission of infection and control of ventilation in healthcare premises. J Hosp Infect 2006; 64: 100-114

Wimer-Mackin S, Hinchcliffe M, Petrie CR, Warwood SJ, Tino WT, Williams MS, Stenz JP, Cheff A, Richardson C. An intranasal vaccine targeting both the Bacillus anthracis toxin and bacterium provides protectionagainst aerosol spore challenge in rabbits. Vaccine 2006; 24, 3953-3963

2005

Athamna A, Athamna M, Nura A, Shlyakov E, Bast DJ, Farrell D, Rubinstein E. Is in vitro antibiotic combination more effective than single-drug therapy against anthrax? Antimicrob Ag Chemother 2005; 49:1323-25

Advance Drug Delivery Reviews 2005; 57 (the whole of this issue is devoted to comprehensive reviews on different aspects of vaccination and vaccine development against pathogens and toxins with potential use as agents of bioterrorism)

Auckland C, Cowlishaw A, Morgan D, Miller E. Reactions to small pox vaccine in naive and previously-vaccinated individuals. Vaccine 2005; 23: 4185-7

Bramwell VW, Eyles JE, Alpar HO. Particulate delivery systems for biodefense subunit vaccines. Ad Drug Deliv Rev 2005; 57: 1247-65

Burton JE, Oshota OJ, North E, Hudson MJ, Polyanskaya N, Brehm J, Lloyd G, Silman NJ. Development of a multipathogen oligonucleotide microarray for detection of Bacillus anthracis. Mol Cell Probes 2005; 19: 349-357

Butcher W, Ulaeto D. Contact inactivation of orthopoxviruses by household disinfectants. J Appl Micro 2005; 99: 279-84

Cheng AC, Dance DAB, Currie BJ. Bioterrorism, Glanders and melioidosis. (Letter) Euro Surveill 2005; 10(3): E1-2 http://www.eurosurveillance.org/em/v10n03/1003-226.asp

Clarke SC. Bacteria as potential tools in bioterrorism, with an emphasis on bacterial toxins. Br J Biomed Sci 2005; 62(1): 40-6

Cutler SJ, Whatmore AM, Commander NJ. Brucellosis - new aspects of an old disease. Journal of Applied Microbiology 2005; 98, 1270-1281

Garmory HS, Perkins SD, Phillpotts RJ, Titball RW. DNA vaccines for biodefence. Ad Drug Deliv Rev 2005; 57: 1343-61

Gosden C, Gardener D. Weapons of mass destruction - threats and responses. BMJ 2005; 13: 397-400

Isherwood KE, Titball RW, Davies DH, Felgner PL, Morrow WJW. Vaccination strategies for Francisella tularensis. Ad Drug Deliv Rev 2005; 57: 1403-14

Jotcham RB. Authentication, antitamper, and track-and-trace technology options to protect foods. J Food Prot 2005; 68(6): 1314-7 (This issue of J Food Prot has anumber of papers on potential for foodborne terrorism and countermeasures)

Kerrod E, Geddes AM, Regan M, Leach S. Surveillance and control measures during smallpox outbreaks. EID 2005; 11(2): 291-7

Madeley CR, Biel SS. For debate: Is disinfection of specimens, which may contain unknown or bioterrorist organisms, essential before electron microscopic examination? J Infect Available online 3 November 2005

Maloney G, Schroder M, Bowles AG. Vaccinia virus protein A52R activates p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase and potentiates lipopolysaccharide-induced interleukin-10. J Biol Chem 2005; 280: 30838-44

Phelps A, Gates AJ, Hillier L, Eastaugh L, Ulaeto DO. Comparative efficacy of replicating smallpox vaccine strains in a murine challenge model. Vaccine 2005; 23: 3500-7

Pilch RF, Zilinskas RA (Eds). Encyclopedia of Bioterrorism Defense. (Book) John Wiley & Sons Inc, New Jersey, 2005. ISBN 0-471-46717-0

Rajan N, Carmichael AJ, McCarron BM. Human cowpox: presentation and investigation in an era of bioterrorism. J Infect 2005; 51:e167-9

Steward J, Piercy T, Lever MS, Nelson M, Simpson AJH, Brooks TJG. Comparison of gatifloxacin, moxifloxacin and ciprofloxacin for treatment of experimental Burkholderia pseudomallei infection. Journal of Chemotherapy 2005; 55, 523-527

Click here for pre-2005 references

• Deliberate Release references 2000 to 2004
  Added/updated: 26 February 2009