Immunisation |
Published on: 27 January 2012 |
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- Invasive meningococcal infections (England and Wales), laboratory reports, weeks 40-53/2011
- Laboratory reports of hepatitis A and C in England and Wales (July-September 2011)
Invasive meningococcal infections (England and Wales), laboratory reports, weeks 40-53/2011
In the fourth quarter of 2011 (October-December), a total of 190 cases of invasive meningococcal disease (IMD) were reported to the Health Protection Agency. This was a 43% increase from the 133 cases reported the previous quarter and a 54% decrease from the 292 cases reported in the fourth quarter of 2010.
Of the 190 cases of IMD, 81% (153) were capsular group B, 12% (22) group Y, 5.3% (10) group C and 2.6% (5) were group W135. During the fourth quarter of 2011 there were no reported cases for capsular groups A, X and Z/29E (table 1).
Fifty-seven percent (107/189) of IMD cases were male. Children aged less than one year accounted for 19% (36/189) of IMD reports and the majority (26/36) were aged between five and 12 months. Of those aged less than four months (28% [10/36]), eight had capsular group B and two group C disease. Over a quarter (26% [49/189]) of cases were in children aged between one and four years of which 94% (46/49) were capsular group B disease (table 2). Of all the capsular group B cases more than half (53% [80/152]) were in children younger than four years. Of the 22 capsular group Y disease, 64% (14/22) were in adults aged 45 and over (table 2).
Table 1. Invasive meningococcal infections, England and Wales: laboratory reports, weeks 40-53/2011 (40-53/2010)Method of diagnosis |
Cumulative total, weeks 40 to 53 |
Cumulative total, weeks 1 to 53 |
||||||||
CSF and blood Culture |
Non- culture |
Other sites |
||||||||
2011 |
2010 |
2011 |
2010 |
2011 |
2010 |
2011 |
2010 |
2011 |
2010 |
|
| Group A | – |
– |
– |
– |
– |
– |
– |
– |
1 |
– |
| B | 72 |
113 |
79 |
133 |
2 |
1 |
153 |
247 |
745 |
791 |
| C | 5 |
3 |
5 |
5 |
– |
1 |
10 |
9 |
27 |
20 |
| W135 | 4 |
9 |
1 |
3 |
– |
– |
5 |
12 |
33 |
24 |
| X | – |
– |
– |
– |
– |
– |
– |
– |
– |
– |
| Y | 17 |
14 |
3 |
5 |
2 |
2 |
22 |
21 |
89 |
66 |
| Z/29E | – |
– |
– |
– |
– |
– |
– |
– |
– |
– |
| Ungroupable* | – |
– |
– |
– |
– |
– |
– |
– |
13 |
2 |
| Ungrouped | – |
– |
– |
3 |
– |
– |
– |
3 |
4 |
8 |
| Total | 98 |
139 |
88 |
149 |
4 |
4 |
190 |
292 |
912 |
911 |
Table 2. Invasive meningococcal disease, England and Wales, by capsular group and age at diagnosis, weeks 40-53/2011
Age group |
Capsular groups | Total | |||
B |
C |
W135 |
Y |
||
| <1 year | 34 |
2 |
– |
– |
36 |
1-4 years |
46 |
1 |
1 |
1 |
49 |
5-9 years |
10 |
– |
– |
– |
10 |
10-14 years |
1 |
– |
– |
2 |
3 |
| 15-19 years | 14 |
– |
2 |
2 |
18 |
20-24 years |
10 |
– |
– |
2 |
12 |
| 25-44 years | 12 |
3 |
– |
1 |
16 |
| 45-64 years | 11 |
4 |
1 |
8 |
24 |
≥65 years |
14 |
– |
1 |
6 |
21 |
| Unknown | 1 |
– |
– |
– |
1 |
All ages |
153 |
10 |
5 |
22 |
190 |
Laboratory reports of hepatitis A and C in England and Wales (July-September 2011)
Laboratory reports of hepatitis A
In the third quarter of 2011 (July to September) there were a total of 72 laboratory reports of hepatitis A virus reported to the Health Protection Agency. This constituted a 41.1% increase on the previous quarter (n=51), and a 27.2% decrease on the same quarter of 2010 (n=99).
Males accounted for 54.2% (39/72) of all reports. The number of females increased by 135.7% from 14 in the previous quarter to 33 and an 18% decrease on the same quarter on 2010 (n=39).
Between July and September 2011 over a third (38.9%; [28/72]) of reports were among adults aged 45 years or older and 15 to 44 year olds accounted for 34.7% (25/72). A quarter (26.4%; [19/72]) of all reports were among those aged 14 years or less. The majority (42.4% [14/33]) of females testing positive for hepatitis A were aged 45 years or older while 41.0% (16/39) of men were aged between 15 and 44 years.
Laboratory reports of hepatitis A infection in England and Wales: July-September 2011Age group |
Male |
Female |
Unknown |
Total |
| <1 year | – |
– |
– |
– |
1-4 years |
1 |
2 |
– |
3 |
5-9 years |
5 |
5 |
– |
10 |
10-14 years |
3 |
3 |
– |
6 |
15-24 years |
7 |
3 |
– |
10 |
| 25-34 years | 5 |
3 |
– |
8 |
| 35-44 years | 4 |
3 |
– |
7 |
| 45-54 years | 5 |
3 |
– |
8 |
| 55-64 years | 4 |
1 |
– |
5 |
≥65 years |
5 |
10 |
– |
15 |
| Unknown | – |
– |
– |
– |
All ages |
39 |
33 |
– |
72 |
Laboratory reports of hepatitis A infection in England and Wales by age group and sex: January 2002 to September 2011 
Laboratory reports of hepatitis C
There were a total of 2,642 laboratory reports of hepatitis C virus reported to the Health Protection Agency between July and September 2011. This was similar to the number of reports during quarter 2 (n=2,465), and a 35.2% increase on the same quarter in 2010 (n=1,954).
Age-group and sex were reported for the majority of reports (96.6%; [2,552/2,642]). Consistent with previous quarters, 69.1% (1,767/2,559) of reports were among males. Adults aged 25-44 years accounted for 56.2% of the total number of reports (1,470/2,616).
Laboratory reports of hepatitis C in England and Wales, July-September 2011Age group |
Male |
Female |
Unknown |
Total |
| <1 year | 4 |
6 |
– |
10 |
1-4 years |
2 |
2 |
– |
4 |
5-9 years |
– |
3 |
– |
3 |
10-14 years |
– |
2 |
– |
2 |
15-24 years |
86 |
72 |
5 |
163 |
| 25-34 years | 436 |
240 |
24 |
700 |
| 35-44 years | 565 |
183 |
22 |
770 |
| 45-54 years | 409 |
149 |
6 |
564 |
| 55-64 years | 203 |
87 |
6 |
296 |
≥65 years |
58 |
45 |
1 |
104 |
| Unnknown | 4 |
3 |
19 |
26 |
All ages |
1,767 |
792 |
83 |
2,642 |
Quarterly report from the sentinel surveillance study of hepatitis testing (England): data for July to September 2011 (quarter 3)